Identity and Access Management
Identity and Access Management
Identity and Access Management workers manage digital identities and permissions so people and systems receive appropriate, auditable access.
What You Would Do
- Identity and Access Management workers manage digital identities and permissions so people and systems receive appropriate
- Auditable access
- Reproduce the issue or requirement
- Gather evidence and identify the people
- Systems and data affected
- Define the authorized scope and protect evidence or sensitive information
The exact work depends on the organization, technology, users, responsibility and specialty.
Types of Work You Could Explore
Account lifecycle — Concentrate on account lifecycle. In identity and access management work, this means learning the purpose of that responsibility, performing it with the right tools and controls, checking the result and documenting what changed.
Authentication — Concentrate on authentication. In identity and access management work, this means learning the purpose of that responsibility, performing it with the right tools and controls, checking the result and documenting what changed.
Authorization — Concentrate on authorization. In identity and access management work, this means learning the purpose of that responsibility, performing it with the right tools and controls, checking the result and documenting what changed.
Privileged access — Concentrate on privileged access. In identity and access management work, this means learning the purpose of that responsibility, performing it with the right tools and controls, checking the result and documenting what changed.
Role design — Concentrate on role design. In identity and access management work, this means learning the purpose of that responsibility, performing it with the right tools and controls, checking the result and documenting what changed.
Access reviews — Concentrate on access reviews. In identity and access management work, this means learning the purpose of that responsibility, performing it with the right tools and controls, checking the result and documenting what changed.
Federation — Concentrate on federation. In identity and access management work, this means learning the purpose of that responsibility, performing it with the right tools and controls, checking the result and documenting what changed.
Troubleshooting — Concentrate on troubleshooting. In identity and access management work, this means learning the purpose of that responsibility, performing it with the right tools and controls, checking the result and documenting what changed.
You do not have to choose a specialty before you begin. Job titles and specialty names vary among employers and training programs, and one job may include more than one type of work.
Who Might Like This Career
This career may appeal to you if you are interested in account lifecycle, authentication, authorization. It can be a good fit for people who enjoy careful problem solving, accurate work, learning how technology, people and processes affect one another and seeing a clear result from their effort.
Where You Could Work
enterprises, government agencies, hospitals, universities, financial firms, cloud providers and security consultancies.
Pay and Job Outlook
Median annual pay: $129,180 in May 2025 for information security analysts, a related comparison occupation.
These are national U.S. figures for the occupation or comparison group named above, not a promised starting salary. Pay can vary considerably by location, experience, specialty, overtime, union agreement, employer, industry and local labor market. People starting the career commonly earn less than experienced workers; paid training programs may increase wages as skills grow.
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics career and pay information
Skills You Can Start Building
- Identity and Access Management workers manage digital identities and permissions so people and systems receive appropriate, auditable access
- Reproduce the issue or requirement, gather evidence and identify the people, systems and data affected
- Read technical documentation, tickets, diagrams, code or configuration information
- Use authorized security tools and handle sensitive systems, evidence and data responsibly
- Test changes in a controlled way and verify the result before closing the work
- Document decisions, changes and recovery steps so another person can follow them
- Explain technical information clearly to users, coworkers, customers and managers
How Identity and Access Management Work Is Changing
Cloud services, identity-centered controls, automated detection and response, AI-assisted analysis and rapidly changing threats are reshaping security work.
AI can help summarize alerts, find patterns, generate tests and draft reports. It can also create new attack methods and unreliable results, so cybersecurity workers must validate evidence, control data use and keep human accountability.
Cybersecurity tools can find patterns and automate routine checks, but workers still must understand context, confirm evidence, protect authorized access and make accountable decisions about risk and response.
Education and Training
Preparation may include paid employer training, Registered or unregistered apprenticeship, CTE, technical or community college, certification study, labs, competitions, a project portfolio or a degree. Many cybersecurity roles build on prior IT, networking, systems or software experience, and some positions require background checks or eligibility to handle sensitive information.
Career Pathways and Apprenticeship Availability
Typical pathway: Established or clearly related apprenticeship routes are available.
Identity apprenticeships may use cybersecurity, systems or service-management occupations. Verify privacy controls and privileged-access supervision.
A Registered Apprenticeship follows an approved training plan and combines paid work, supervised learning, related instruction and progressive skill development. Some employers use the word apprenticeship for paid programs that are not registered. Ask the sponsor which type it is and what credential, wage progression and job it provides.
Licenses and Certifications
Employers may value role-based or vendor certifications, but requirements vary. Some jobs require background checks, security clearances or eligibility to access sensitive systems. Certifications do not grant permission to test systems; cybersecurity work must always stay within written authorization and applicable law.
Look up licenses in your state
Career Pathways to Learn Identity and Access Management and Gain Experience
Apprenticeship — Learn through real paid work with experienced workers who teach and guide you, supported by technical instruction and a structure for developing and measuring progress. Some apprenticeships are Registered Apprenticeships; others are not.
Entry-Level Jobs — Gain paid experience with tools, equipment, customer service, safety and workplace practices through beginning work in the field.
Youth Apprenticeship — Begin developing career skills through work while continuing high-school education where a suitable program is available.
Career and Technical Education CTE — Build practical skills through a high-school or postsecondary program in cybersecurity, networking, systems, programming or digital forensics.
Pre-Apprenticeship — Learn introductory skills, safety and workplace expectations while preparing for apprenticeship or employment. Verify that the program connects participants with real employers and does not charge tuition simply for possible access to an apprenticeship.
Co-op — Combine education with career-related work experience through a high school, CTE program, community college or other educational program.
Paid Work-Based Learning — Get paid to do real work for an employer while learning skills and gaining experience related to the career.
Vendor or Industry Training — Learn a platform, operating system, cloud service, programming tool or security practice through employer-supported courses, labs and credentials. Certifications can support a portfolio of skills but do not replace practice and experience.
From Learning to Experienced Work
Skills develop through practice and experience. People who are new to the work usually receive more instruction and supervision. As they demonstrate skill, judgment and reliability, they take on more difficult work, greater responsibility and more independent assignments.
A common progression: Learn → Practice → Gain Experience → Build Confidence → Take on More Responsibility → Work More Independently
Experienced workers may eventually supervise work or teach and guide newer workers, trainees and apprentices.
Where This Career Can Lead
With experience, you may specialize in investigation, engineering, testing, identity, cloud, risk or another security area; lead incidents or programs; design security architecture; teach others; or move into management. Advanced roles often require broad IT knowledge and a record of trusted, authorized work.
Questions to Ask Before You Apply
- Is this a paid job from the beginning?
- Is it a Registered Apprenticeship, an employer-run apprenticeship, another training program or a regular job with training?
- What equipment and work will I learn, and who will teach me on the job?
- How does pay increase as I gain skills?
- Who provides the classes, and can I earn college credit or an industry credential?
- What tools, transportation, physical requirements, licenses, background checks or costs should I expect?
Explore related careers
Consider these careers with overlapping tools, materials, systems or work settings:
Digital Forensics
Incident Response
Penetration Testing
Security Engineering
Governance, Risk and Compliance
Privacy and Data Protection
Operational-Technology Security
Explore opportunities
Search apprenticeships and programs on Apprenticeship.com
Explore Apprenticeship.com state apprenticeship guides
Learn more from official career resources